Educação em direitos humanos e juventudes na América Latina: um panorama entre Argentina, Brasil e Chile

Abstract

Based on the ills that afflict young Brazilians, this research investigated the extent of violations that surround Latin American youth and the role played by public policies on Human Rights Education to change this scenario. To elucidate the problem, at first, and with the help of bibliographical research, although it was not the main methodology adopted, Human Rights and Education in Human Rights were investigated, demonstrating, through historicity, their contributions to the object of study. humanity's struggle, including in the context of Latin America, as well as the role that the Human Rights Education Networks have been playing in this process. Next, the youths and the need to correlate them with public policies were examined, so that they could be guaranteed the exercise of citizenship. It was also identified the risks of observing this social category only by age criterion, as well as the need to consider young people in their social, psychological, cultural and biological elements, bearing in mind that, although they are a single group, which share of common experiences, are also plural and diverse and, therefore, require different demands and needs. After the theoretical consolidation of the research, it was decided to cut the analysis for the investigation of the triterritory "Argentina, Brazil and Chile", given the last PISA report, in which Argentina and Chile, respectively, presented the worst and the best learning performances of students in the region. For this purpose, through the method of documental research, indexing scientific bases, national and international repositories were used, as well as the platforms of the OECD, the ILO and the UNESCO to, based on economic data, on student performance and youth unemployment rates, analyze the social and educational aspects of these countries. Simultaneously, violations of the rights of young people were mapped, as well as the current legal framework, examining how governments have behaved in the face of the negative rates that permeate this population group. It emerged, therefore, that there is a need to improve the education offered, and that, within the youth public, the inevitability of public policies especially aimed at the female insertion in the labor market is urgent. It was observed that part of these violations is practiced by the State itself, especially when it remains inert to so many adversities endured by youths. Subsequently, the role of Education in Human Rights was described to minimize the main problems that afflict them and to point out the challenges that still need a more attentive state look, with the objective of guaranteeing the fullness of the right to education. In this regard, the relevance of organized civil society in building a fairer and more solidary Nation was seen, as well as in exercising the primary function of demanding a commitment from the authorities in the same direction. It was concluded that, in different intensities, the portrait of the evaluated countries is quite similar and demand the achievement of public policies of Education in Human Rights that dialogue with the youths, so that we can overcome the social stigmas and the barriers that impede the social advancement.