Formação Humana e Constituição da Docência: A Crise na Educação à luz das reflexões de Hannah Arendt

Abstract

This dissertation stems from the need to understand the process of human formation and the indispensability of teaching for the education and potential widening of the comprehensive horizons of new generations. The research problem is: how can Hannah Arendt's thought influence human formation and the constitution of teaching in contemporary contexts of school education? The general objective is to analyze the importance of human formation and teaching in light of Hannah Arendt's vision, in order to understand the need for broad and critical formation and the role of teaching in shaping conscious citizens committed to society. The methodology consists of qualitative research (PRODANOV; FREITE, 2013) and literature review based on the works of Hannah Arendt (2020, 2022) and some commentators (ALMEIDA, 2011; CARVALHO, 2014, 2017; SCHÜTZ, 2017, 2020), in addition to a constant dialogue with the works of Paulo Freire (2021a) with the purpose of highlighting the importance of teaching in the development of critical thinking, political action, and the shaping of conscious citizens committed to building a fair and egalitarian society. The relevance of the dissertation lies in the fact that it addresses a fundamental and foundational question in the area of education and human formation. In this context, human formation and education is the relationship between teacher and student in the pursuit of forming critical, reflective, and autonomous individuals within their own society. Therefore, it is necessary to seriously think about formative processes and the constitution of teaching for the formation of new generations and the direction of the very constitution of the common human world and the need for its continuity. The research highlighted that human formation and the constitution of teaching, based on Hannah Arendt's theoretical perspective, are an essential means for shaping conscious citizens committed to society, in addition to highlighting the need for a broad and critical formation that allows newcomers to develop the ability to think autonomously. Moreover, the crucial role of teachers in promoting this formation is emphasized, as it becomes clear that understanding the importance of human formation and teaching is fundamental for building a more democratic society, capable of dealing responsibly and consciously with contemporary challenges and dilemmas.