Saúde mental e saúde da pessoa portadora de deficiência: estudo da incorporação da assistência nos serviços municipais da Administração Regional de Saúde - São Miguel (1989-1995)

Abstract

This study approaches the definition of the polices and the process for the implementation of interventions in mental health and for people with disabilities in municipal services in Sao Paulo, in the region of Sao Miguel Paulista, between 1989-1995, whereas no assistance proposal was organized for these groups before this period. This study was accomplished by analyzing official documents, interviewing professional, managers and projectors, and representatives of the social movement, and organizing data bases of patients according to age, residence, scholarship and diagnosis hypothesis. This investigation describes the process of upbringing services, accordant to the assistance proposal, identifying role players and the main problems, em all three districts of health from Sao Miguel region. During the period of this research, the Municipal Secretary of Health of Sao Paulo went throw institutional changes, since the creation of Regional Administrations and Health Districts to construct Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS (1989-92) until the proposition of Plano de Assistência à Saúde – PAS in 1995. The proposal for mental health was focused to combat the asylum culture by creating services and structuring the assistance system and with the mobilization of professionals, clients and the general population, to discuss the movement against asylums. The attention for people with disabilities depended on professional initiative than an institutional proposal. In 1991 the first Physical Therapy service in infirmary was introduced in the General Hospital of Ermelino Matarazzo, that after enlarging the team, it became reference for rehabilitation of former inpatients. Due to pressure coming from the movement in favor to people with disabilities, the proposal for this group was presented in April of 1992. It defended the incorporation of interventions in primary health units, general hospitals and the creation of centers of regional rehabilitation. The assistance characteristics of each service defined the profile of their clients by spontaneous demand. The women, 52.9%, had average age of 38 and men (47.1%) 28. The younger men were found in CECCO and UBS. The elderly women in Rehabilitation Units and in some UBS. The HD and the psychiatric infirmary accompany mainly psychotics, while UBS, children with learning disabilities and adults, psychotic where a psychiatrist was available. The rehabilitation unit is characterized as a Physical Therapy Service for

people with trauma-orthopedics dysfunction. The CECCO assist groups of teenagers and adults with mental handicap and psychotic. The major difficulty was identified as being the structuring of UBS, service that historically gave priority to mother-infant assistance. Problems like lack of space and specific material for professionals to be able to work were constant, more severe between 1993-95. Em services for specific groups (CECCO, HD, Psychiatric Infirmary and Rehabilitation Unit) the difficulties was organizing the interdiscipline work and the capacity of professional to accept the technical challenge to create and generate new institutions. It was expected a interinstitutional integration between services created, which was considered impossible, making it difficult to assist severe disorders. Between 1993 and 1995, while the government changed there was an abandonment of former priorities like salary polices, decentralization and autonomy of local services, provoking exodus of professionals and discharacterizing the services. Some professionals from former management maintain their assistencial function, to defend the proposal, mainly in HD and CECCO. The short period (1991-95) to define and implement polices, the diversity to obtain what’s necessary and the difficulty to incorporate the proposals in many levels, other than the rupture of the administration made it difficult to continue the experience. The demarcation of the proposals was the defense of universality contributing to possible changes of the social exclusion condition of these groups, increasing their social visibility. The existence and permanence of this experience depended on the sensibility and engagement of managers and the daily commitment of professional and population in its construction, more than in continuity necessary for Public Administration.