Multimodalidade em charges: uma abordagem semiótico-discursiva

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the verbal and visual matrices, represented in the design (content) of the texts, for the construction of discourses in cartoons about the environment. To this end, we analyze how multisemiotic resources, modes of language and the effects of posited, presupposed and implied meaning combine, orchestrate and integrate themselves to construct the meanings of these texts, as well as understanding how these warning speeches for prevention of the environment present in the cartoons are important in terms of raising people's awareness. As a theoretical basis, this dissertation is mainly based on the theory of Social Semiotics by Hodge and Kress (1988), van Leeuwen (2005), the Multimodal Approach and Visual Design Grammar by Kress and van Leeuwen (2001, 2006), Kress (2003, 2010), in the SemioticDiscursive theory by Peirce (2005) and Santaella (2005) and in the effects of posited, presupposed and implied meaning by Ducrot (1987a). This work is located in the Language, Discourse and Identities research line and it is a descriptive-reflexive and qualitative research. Data analysis occurred as follows: of the 20 cartoons authored by Lute Cartunista (Fight Cartoonist) that we chose to compose the corpus of this study, we selected nine, dated from the years 2021, 2022 and 2023 that met our objectives, subsequently, we analyzed the multisemiotic resources, such as colors, images, typography; the modes of language, such as facial expressions, movements, gestures; and the effects of posited, presupposed and implied mean ings, as well as the argumentative construction of the semiotic combinations of all these texts. The results of the analysis show the critical-reflective potential of these cartoons, which represent the situation of the environment in Brazil, whose publica tions on social media, in this case, the cartoonist's social network Instagram are ma terial realizations of these speeches that criticize, ironize and denounce environmen tal issues in the country. These implications allow us to conclude that the discourses in the cartoons are constructed in a critical, ironic, interactive and ideological way through the use of verbal and non-verbal languages, however, the construction of that discourse is carried out, predominantly, in these cartoons, through a visual multisemiotic discourse.