O estoicismo clássico e o humanismo de Montaigne como fontes para um funcionamento psíquico equilibrado

Abstract

The main objective of this scientific research is to describe, analyze and attempt to intersect certain thoughts regarding specific subjects whose epicenter is life and its dilemmas presented by some of the main Stoic philosophers of classical antiquity, highlighting especially ataraxia, apatheia, eudaimonia, rationality among other concepts of this philosophical branch by Seneca and Epictetus; by the seventeenth-century philosopher Spinoza, as well as the thought and contributions of the French philosopher Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592), on his eminent work Essays. The thinker was a French Renaissance philosopher and erudite writer. Montaigne had a humanist and skeptical character, he is considered the precursor of the essayistic literary style. Centuries that separate us, his time coincides with the incipient great European navigations in the 16th century. Montaigne's work communicates various aspects of life in a deep introspection, like a true skeptic, he reflects on himself, his epistemological conceptions, self-observation that approaches to a certain extent the self-analysis of psychoanalysis, his ideas and legacies of his modern era have an advanced resonance that influences philosophers, psychoanalysts, psychologists, educators, scientists, pedagogues and humanists in contemporary times.