Neoliberalismo e Educação no Amazonas: desafios na educação básica

Abstract

This study analyzes the impacts of neoliberal policies on basic public edu-cation in the state of Amazonas between 2014 and 2019, focusing on the consequences for teachers and the quality of education. The research was conducted in a state school using a mixed methodological approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection was carried out through a digital questionnaire applied to lower secondary school teachers. The results reveal that fiscal austerity me-asures, such as the reduction of investments and the suspension of salary adjustments, undermined school infrastructure, limited ongoing professional development, and hindered the adoption of pedagogical innovations. This scenario led to the devaluation of the teaching profession and teacher demotivation, directly impacting the quality of education. The com-parison of the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) between the periods 2009–2013 and 2015–2019 highlights this stagnation: while the IDEB showed significant growth before the austerity measures, progress between 2015 and 2019 was considerably reduced. The study concludes that it is necessary to reassess educational policies, prioritizing teacher appreciation, the democratization of school management, and investments in strategies that promote educational quality.