Valoração dos serviços ambientais culturais oferecidos pelas praias do Município de Tamandaré, litoral sul do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

Abstract

The strong connection between the economy and the environment is a subject of debate andanalysis by researchers. From the advent of the environmental economy and later the ecologicaleconomy, the area gained recognition by environmental science. Despite the enormous difference between them, both have a clear purpose that is the recognition of the value and pricing of natural resources, including their processes, which show benefits for humanity, such as the pricing and measurement of the values of externalities processes, through the technique of environmental valuation. Depending on its approach and representation, environmental valuation can expose different calculations and perceptions, especially on environmental services. In view of the above, the objective of this dissertation was to identify the economic value of cultural environmental services in the Coastal Corals Environmental Protection Area (APACC), which is a federal marine conservation unit created in 1997 under the management of the Institute Chico Mendes Conservation and Biodiversity (ICMBIO). For this, the methodology chosen was the Contingent Valuation Method (MVC) on the Disposal to Pay (DAP) of the Direct Use Value (VUD) of the people in relation to the conservation of the cultural environmental services offered by the beaches: Campas and Tamandaré, both in the municipality of Tamandaré / PE, which are part of the APACC territory. A total of 383 questionnaires were applied in the months of July, October and December 2017, through which the profile of the sample was drawn from the study of the absolute and percentage frequencies with respect to the variables of the questionnaire. In addition, four hypothetical scenarios were created for each interviewee profile (tourists, residents, vacationers, and vacationers), applying a multivariate analysis through Binary Logistic Regression, in order to verify which variables or factors influenced the interviewee in the decision of the willingness or not to pay for cultural environmental services. The results obtained show a homogeneity in sample size per collection period: about 33% for each month (July, October and December 2017), with 53.3% of the total female respondents, against 46.7% of the male respondents . Regarding the place of residence, it was observed that the great majority of the 45.7% were tourists, followed by tourists, with 24% of the total questionnaires applied. Of these, 41.8% have completed high school and 35.5% have completed higher education. In addition, most of the regulators, around 42.0%, said they had monthly family income between R $ 937.00 and R $ 1,874.00. Finally, the result identified in the environmental valuation of the cultural environmental services of this dissertation per individual, among the scenarios (tourists, residents, vacationers and tourists), corresponds to R $ 10.00, with a 95% confidence interval. In view of this, we have identified that visitors are willing to pay a fee for the quality and environmental conservation of environmental and cultural services at APACC.