Avaliação por RM das ATMs em crianças e adolescentes com má-oclusão de classe III e/ou subdivisão de angle

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the position and morphology of the condyle and articular disc of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs), using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in children and adolescents with Class III and/or Angle subdivision malocclusion. Methods: The group consisted of 78 white and brown Brazilian patients, of both genders (47 girls and 31 boys), with an average chronological age of 9.5 years, with a total of 156 ATMs. MR images were acquired at the beginning of the treatment period. A qualitative assessment was carried out, by two observers, of the aforementioned structures, in closed mouth (BF) positions with maximum habitual intercuspation and open mouth (BA). Non-parametric tests of intra- and inter-observer assessments were performed. Results: In the position of the condyles in BF, 128 TMJs (82.1%) were concentric. In BA, 44 TMJs (28.2%) had normal mobility, in 59 TMJs (37.8%) they had hypomobility and 53 TMJs (34.0%) had hypermobility. In the position of the articular disc with BF, in 125 TMJs (80.1%) the discs were well positioned, in 31 TMJs (19.9%) they were displaced. With BA, the disc remained interposed in 125 TMJs (80.1%) and in 31 TMJs (19.9%) disc displacement with reduction. In 139 TMJs (89.1%), the morphology of the condyle was normal, in 17 TMJs (10.9%) they were remodeled. In the shape of the disc with BF and BA, in 147 ATMs (94.2%) and 156 ATMs (100.0%), respectively, it was biconcave. Conclusion: Important signs of temporomandibular disorders were found, mainly displacement of the articular disc. Longitudinal monitoring and future investigations should be considered.