O papel do profissional farmacêutico no cuidado da pele: uso de dermocosméticos durante e após o tratamento com isotretinoína

Abstract

This study addresses the fundamental role of pharmacists in skin care during and after isotretinoin treatment, a medication widely prescribed for severe acne due to its proven efficacy but associated with significant adverse effects. Through a systematic review, scientific studies, regulations, and specialized literature were analyzed to compile knowledge about the medication's impact on skin health and the best practices for managing these effects. Isotretinoin, derived from vitamin A, drastically reduces sebum production, making it essential in the treatment of severe and resistant acne cases. However, its prolonged use is associated with discomforts such as extreme skin dryness, cheilitis in more than 95% of patients, and other cutaneous and systemic side effects, including changes in cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The research highlights the importance of specific strategies to mitigate these impacts, including the use of appropriate dermocosmetics such as non-comedogenic moisturizers, daily sunscreens, and products that aid in repairing and protecting the skin barrier. The study emphasizes the pharmacist's essential role not only in providing technical guidance on medication use but also in personalizing care by educating patients on preventing and managing adverse effects. Pharmaceutical practice, with an emphasis on a humanized approach, contributes to increased treatment adherence, enhances the patient experience, and prevents future complications, such as scarring and persistent skin damage. The research also advocates for a multidisciplinary perspective on treatment, stressing the importance of continuous clinical monitoring and preventive measures such as effective contraceptives for women, given the drug's teratogenic potential. Thus, this study aims to provide a comprehensive view of isotretinoin's impact, highlighting how the integration of science, pharmaceutical practice, and dermocosmetic care can promote safer, more effective, and satisfying therapeutic outcomes for patients.